Sezvatinoziva tese, kugadziriswa kwetsvina yemudzimba kumaruwa kunofanirwa kubatanidzwa nemamiriro chaiwo ekugara kwevanhu kumaruwa kuti pave nenzira yemunzvimbo, uye panguva imwe chete pave nehurongwa hwakanaka hwekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa uye kudzora kusvibiswa. Kushandiswa kwetsvina yemudzimba kumaruwa mushure mekugadzirisa zvine mwero kunogona kuderedza mari inoshandiswa mukurapa tsvina, kudzokorodza zviwanikwa zvemvura yekurima nezvinhu zvenitrogen nephosphorus, uye kushandisa zvizere ivhu rekumaruwa uye kugona kuchenesa nharaunda. Nekuda kwekukurumidzira kwekuvandudza nharaunda yekumaruwa, kushandiswa kwetsvina yemudzimba kumaruwa kuchava chinangwa chenguva refu chekuvandudzwa kwetsvina yemudzimba.
Kushanda kwenzvimbo iyi kunofanirwa kukurumidza kubvisa mafungiro ekare
Parizvino, kurapwa kwetsvina yekumaruwa muChina, kunyanya uchishandisa zvivakwa zvakabatana + nzira dzezvakatipoteredza, asi mashandiro ezvivakwa haana tariro. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzekurapa tsvina dzemumaguta 'dzinodzikisa', mari yekuvaka, yekushandisa nekugadzirisa yakakwira, nzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzakaoma kugamuchira, asi dzakaregeredzawo kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvetsvina yemumba kuchengetedza basa rekubereka ivhu. Nekuda kwehuwandu hushoma hwehupfumi hwekumaruwa netekinoroji, mabasa akawanda ekurapa tsvina, zvekuti nzvimbo zhinji dzenzvimbo dzekurapa, network yemapaipi haigone kuvaka, haigone kutenga, kushaya vashandi vane hunyanzvi uye vehunyanzvi vekutarisira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aripo ekukurumidza kukura kwemaguta, kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba yekumaruwa kunofanirwa kuderedza mari shoma senge zvivakwa nema network emapaipi, kubvisa kufunga kwemukati, uye kukurudzira nzira dzakachipa, dziri nyore kuchengetedza dzekurapa zvine mwero uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa.
Kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa kwakasimbiswa mumitemo yekuburitswa kwezviwanikwa
Panyaya yemitemo yekuburitsa tsvina yakashandiswa pakurapa mvura yakasviba mudzimba dzekumaruwa, mumakore achangopfuura, kurapwa kwakaringana uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa kwave kuchisimbiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mumitemo yekuburitsa tsvina. Zvichienderana nenhamba, hwaro hwakajairika hwekushandisa mitemo yenzvimbo dzekurapa iGB18918-2002, asi muna 2019, Ministry of Ecology and Environment yakaburitsa 'Gwaro reKugadzirira Kusvibiswa kweMvura Matsanangudzo ekudzora Kusvibiswa kweNzvimbo dzeKurapa Mvura Yakasviba muDzimba dzekumaruwa (dzekuyedza Kuitwa)' (Nzvimbo yeHofisi yeZvenharaunda Tsamba yeSoil 〔2019〕 Nhamba 403), iyo inokurudzira kusarudzwa kwakasarudzika kwe nitrogen ne phosphorus reseigh uye matekinoroji ekushandisa mvura yemumashure. Mushure meizvozvo, mitemo mitsva yekuburitsa tsvina mumatunhu nemaguta yakaderedzawo zvinangwa zvavo. Kurapa kwakaringana kwemvura yakasviba mudzimba dzekumaruwa kuri kusimbiswa uye kukurudzirwa kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, zvichiisa hwaro hwekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvinotevera.
Nzira yekuvandudza kushandiswa kwetsvina munzvimbo dzakasiyana
Nzvimbo dzemvura dzakagadzirwa pari zvino ndiyo tekinoroji inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa tsvina dzemumaruwa munzvimbo dzekumaruwa. Kushandiswa kwetsvina dzemumaruwa muChina kuchiri padanho renzvimbo dzemvura dzakagadzirwa, kugadzikana kwemadziva uye kuchenesa ivhu rezvakatipoteredza. Sezvo kusvibiswa kwevhu rekurima kusanganisira tsvina dzemumaruwa kwave chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kusvibiswa kwemumaruwa muChina, manejimendi yese yemadziva, kuderedza manyuko, kudzivirira-kudzoreredza-zvekushandisa-kudzoreredza zvakatipoteredza kuchava nzira yekuvandudza manejimendi yekutonga kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo dzekurima. Saizvozvowo, tsvina dzemumaruwa dzinofanira kushandisa zviwanikwa zvemunharaunda. Kusimbisa basa rekuchengetedza ecosystems dzekumaruwa kuburikidza nekushandura kwekugadzira, kusanganisa nzvimbo dzekurapa mvura yakasviba dzekumaruwa, dzinongotarisa pakuderedza zviwanikwa, nekurima kudzokorodza, kuunza masisitimu ekurapa anoenderana nekugadzirwa kwekurima, uye kupa basa rakazara kune basa rekutonga, agro-ecosystems pachadzo dzinoshanda nenzira inoderedza kugadzirwa nekuburitswa kwetsvina.
Zviri pamusoro apa ndizvo zvese zviri mumagazini iyi, zvimwe zvirimo ndapota teererai nyaya inotevera yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza yeLi Ding kuti mugovane. Li Ding yave ichishanda mukutsvaga nekugadzira, kuvaka nekushandisa michina yetsvina yekumaruwa yakabatana kwemakore gumi. Kuburikidza nekuvandudza tekinoroji nguva dzose, tinoedza kupa mupiro mudiki mukuvandudza nharaunda yevanhu kune rumwe rutivi. Chishandiso chekuchenesa tsvina yemhando yeLi Ding chinogona kushandiswa zvakanaka kunzvimbo zhinji dzekumaruwa dzakaparadzaniswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-28-2024